Archive for the 'New & Novel' Category
August 5th, 2008. Antibody-targeted RNase fusion proteins (immunoRNases) for cancer therapy
Conjugation of RNases to internalizing tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies was shown to enhance specific cell killing by several orders of magnitude both in vitro and in animal models. In this review we describe the development and current status of genetically engineered 2(nd) generation immunoRNases as promising novel anti-cancer therapeutics.
August 2nd, 2008. MET as a target for treatment of chest tumors
These drugs function at a variety of steps within the HGF-MET pathway, including MET expression at the RNA or protein level, the ligand-receptor interaction, and tyrosine kinase function. This paper will review the structure, function, mechanisms of tumorigenesis, and potential for therapeutic inhibition of the MET receptor in lung cancer and mesothelioma.
July 29th, 2008. Targeted therapy–possible new therapeutic option for malignant mesothelioma?
Molecular screening methods have revealed profound differences in the driving mechanisms of the variously differentiated mesothelioma cells. Characterization of these differences has made it possible to identify novel drug targets which are effective for both phenotypes.
July 26th, 2008. A novel concept of treatment of diffuse or multiple pleural tumors by boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT)
In each case, the tumors regressed or remained stable in size for 3–6 months following BNCT. No acute or late adverse events higher than grade 2 were observed.
July 22nd, 2008. A Phase II Trial of Tetrathiomolybdate After Surgery for Malignant Mesothelioma: Final Results
Conclusions: Tetrathiomolybdate has antiangiogenic effects in malignant pleural mesothelioma patients after resection of gross disease, and exhibits minimal toxicity and comparable efficacy to previous multimodality trials. Tetrathiomolybdate should be evaluated for efficacy in combination with standard malignant pleural mesothelioma regimens, as well as for postsurgical maintenance therapy.
July 12th, 2008. A phase II multicenter study of L-alanosine, a potent inhibitor of adenine biosynthesis, in patients with MTAP-deficient cancer
Conclusion: At this dose and schedule, L-alanosine was ineffective in patients with advanced MTAP-deficient tumors.
July 9th, 2008. A novel combination: ranpirnase and rosiglitazone induce a synergistic apoptotic effect by down-regulating Fra-1 and Survivin in cancer cells
The drug combination does not have a synergistic effect on killing in Fra-1 knockdown cells, showing that Fra-1 modulation accounts in part for the synergism. The novel drug combination of ranpirnase and rosiglitazone is a promising combination to treat cancers with increased PI3K-dependent Fra-1 expression or Survivin.
July 4th, 2008. A pilot study with very low-intensity, intermediate-frequency electric fields in patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic solid tumors
Conclusion: Although the number of patients in this study is small, the lack of therapy toxicity and the efficacy observed in data gathered to date indicate the potential of TTFields as a new treatment modality for solid tumors, definitely warranting further investigation.
July 3rd, 2008. Multiple mechanisms of telomere maintenance exist and differentially affect clinical outcome in diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma
Conclusions: Our results indicate that both known telomere maintenance mechanisms, TA and ALT, are present in DMPM and differentially affect patient prognosis.
June 27th, 2008. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor cediranib for non-small cell lung cancer and other thoracic malignancies
The NSCLC trials include patients with squamous cell histologic features and treated brain metastases, populations for which bevacizumab is currently not indicated. These trials will determine whether cediranib will join the growing armamentarium of therapeutic options for thoracic malignancies and broaden the number of patients with NSCLC who could potentially benefit from antiangiogenic therapy.
June 24th, 2008. Phosphorylation and localization of protein-zero related (PZR) in cultured endothelial cells
To see if tyrosine kinases other than Src are also capable of phosphorylating PZR, the authors cotransfected HEK293 cells with PZR and one of several tyrosine kinases and found that c-Src, c-Fyn, c-Lyn, Csk, and c-Abl, but not c-Fes, phosphorylated PZR and increased PZR/SHP-2 interaction. These results suggest that PZR is a cell adhesion protein that may be involved in SHP-2-dependent signaling at interendothelial cell contacts.
June 24th, 2008. Measles virus induces oncolysis of mesothelioma cells and allows dendritic cells to cross-prime tumor-specific CD8 response
Priming of autologous T cells by DCs loaded with MV-infected MPM cells led to a significant proliferation of tumor-specific CD8 T cells. Altogether, these data strongly support the potential of oncolytic MV as an efficient therapeutic agent for mesothelioma cancer.
June 4th, 2008. Malignant mesothelioma 2008
Novel therapies including intrapleural chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy and hyperthermic perfusion have also been used with some success. Finally there are several attempts at immunomodulating and targeted treatments, which are in phase I/II trials.
Posted in Causation, Chemotherapy, Determining Efficacy, Diagnosis & Differentiation, Full Archive, General, Immune-based Therapies, New & Novel, Occupational Asbestos Exposure, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Radiation, SV40, Serum Marker/Blood Test, Survival, Treatment, Type of Assessment: | No Comments »
May 31st, 2008. mTOR Mediates Survival Signals in Malignant Mesothelioma Grown as Tumor Fragment Spheroids
We propose that mTOR mediates survival signals in many mesothelioma tumors. Inhibition of mTOR may provide a non-toxic adjunct to therapy directed against malignant mesothelioma, especially in those with high baseline expression of p-S6K.
May 24th, 2008. Effects of Piroxicam and Cisplatin on mesothelioma cells growth and viability
In particular, the two drugs in NCI cell line had a synergistic effect on apoptosis, probably through activation of caspase 8 and caspase 9, while the most evident targets among the cell cycle regulators were cyclin D1 and p21waf1. These results suggest that the association of piroxicam and CDDP specifically triggers cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in different mesothelioma cell lines and may hold promise in the treatment of mesothelioma.
May 21st, 2008. Human Tumor-Derived Exosomes Down-Modulate NKG2D Expression
This hyporesponsiveness was evident even in the presence of IL-15, a strong inducer of NKG2D. Our data show that NKG2D is a likely physiological target for exosome-mediated immune evasion in cancer.
May 14th, 2008. Molecular targets and targeted therapies for malignant mesothelioma
Alternative approaches are based on inhibitors of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and of histone deacetylases which, notwithstanding the functional divergence of the corresponding targets, share the ability to determine a wide modulation of the cancer cell phenotype that can lead to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and sensitization to different antineoplastic treatments. A recombinant immunotoxin targeted to the membrane antigen mesothelin is an additional agent whose activity is being evaluated in mesothelioma patients.
May 6th, 2008. Overexpression and altered glycosylation of MUC1 in malignant mesothelioma
CA15-3 in effusions could differentiate malignant from benign effusions but were not specific for mesothelioma. Thus, as in other cancers, alterations in MUC1 biology occur in mesothelioma and these results suggest that specific MUC1 characteristics may be useful for mesothelioma diagnosis and should also be investigated as a potential therapeutic target.
April 22nd, 2008. Increased exosome production from tumour cell cultures using the Integra CELLine Culture System
This simple culture system is a cost effective, useful method for significantly increasing the quantity of exosomes available from cultured cells, without detrimental effects. This tool should prove advantageous in future studies of exosome-immune modulation in cancer and other settings.
April 21st, 2008. Genetic susceptibility to malignant pleural mesothelioma and other asbestos-associated diseases
Major limitations in the study design, including the small size of study groups, affected the reliability of these studies. Technical improvements such as the use of high-throughput techniques will help to identify molecular pathways regulated by candidate genes.
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