Archive for the 'Immunohistochemistry or IHC' Category
Often used to diagnose cancer, Immunohistochemistry or IHC is a process by which antibodies are detected in tissue samples by use of a specific antigen or antigens. IHC is also widely used in basic research to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers in different parts of a tissue (also see “Serum Marker/Blood Test“).
January 6th, 2009. Diagnostic and prognostic role of the insulin growth factor pathway members insulin-like growth factor-II and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in serous effusions
In conclusion, insulin-like growth factor-II and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 are more frequently expressed in metastatic carcinomas compared to mesothelioma in effusions but are less specific than currently used markers. Insulin-like growth factor-II and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 may be novel prognostic markers in metastatic ovarian carcinoma.
January 2nd, 2009. New diagnostic and molecular characteristics of malignant mesothelioma
In addition to the improved tools available for serosal cancer diagnosis, knowledge regarding the biology of malignant mesothelioma has been accumulating in recent years. This review presents current data regarding the diagnostic and biological aspects of malignant mesothelioma.
December 23rd, 2008. D2-40 Immunohistochemistry-So Far!
More recently, D2-40 immunoexpression has been reported in primary adrenal cortical tumors, schwannomas, and adnexal tumors of the skin. This brief review provides an update on the ever-expanding proposed applications of D2-40 immunohistochemistry in surgical pathology.
December 20th, 2008. Vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia and Cushing syndrome as manifestations of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Conclusion: These findings support the evidence for a paracrine role of vitamin D in the resistance of the human host to antigen.
December 17th, 2008. An autopsy case of sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma mimicking adenocarcinoma with sarcomatoid elements of lung
Therefore, immunohistochemical staining was performed; the findings revealed sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma. In conclusion, we encountered a rare case of sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma (stage IV).
December 17th, 2008. A binding domain on mesothelin for CA125/MUC16
In addition, we have shown that a single chain monoclonal antibody (SS1) recognizes this CA125-binding domain and blocks the mesothelin-CA125 interaction on cancer cells. The identified CA125-binding domain significantly inhibits cancer cell adhesion and merits evaluation as a new therapeutic agent for preventing or treating peritoneal malignant tumors.
December 12th, 2008. Problems in mesothelioma diagnosis
This review identifies some of these problems and addresses the uses and limitations of immunohistochemistry in different situations. It includes a discussion of some of the less common variants of mesothelioma and other pleural-based tumours that enter into the differential diagnosis.
December 9th, 2008. Expression of GATA-6 transcription factor in pleural malignant mesothelioma and metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Conclusion: Results suggest that GATA-6 plays a role in pleural malignancies, predicting longer survival in subgroups of MM.
November 27th, 2008. Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of overexpression of her-2/neu and p53 oncoproteins in gastric carcinoma using tissue microarray
Conclusion: Although, this study failed to show any prognostic effect of p53 and her-2/neu on survival rates, we may suggest that p53 overexpression may play a role in the pathogenesis of intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma. It could also demonstrate the significantly improved survival rates with adjuvant chemoradiation. Also, TMA is a useful technique for rapid identification of protein expression profiles using minimal samples from archived tissues.
October 22nd, 2008. A case of solid pseudopapillary tumour of the pancreas and malignant mesothelioma
Discussion: An abdominal computerised tomogram revealed pancreatic body mass arising. Pleural fluid cytology and a pleural biopsy failed to demonstrate malignancy. The pancreatic tumour was resected by distal pancreatectomy, segmental colectomy and splenectomy. The tumour was a solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumour (SPT) with a high metastatic potential. The patient deteriorated and a repeat biopsy of the thickened pleura confirmed malignancy which was initially thought to be metastases from the SPT. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed malignant mesothelioma. The patient developed liver metastases and died 2 years from the diagnosis of metastatic disease.
Posted in CT or CAT scan, Case Study, Diagnosis & Differentiation, Full Archive, Immunohistochemistry or IHC, Pleural Effusion, Surgery, Survival, Symptoms & Symptom Management, Treatment, Type of Assessment: | No Comments »
October 16th, 2008. A useful antibody panel for differential diagnosis between peritoneal mesothelioma and ovarian serous carcinoma in Japanese cases
The results identified calretinin and thrombomodulin as positive markers and Ber-EP4, MOC-31, CA19-9, and estrogen receptor as negative markers with relatively high sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of PM and SC. The combination of these positive and negative markers may contribute to accurate diagnosis and adequate therapy for PM and ovarian SC.
October 11th, 2008. Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma mimicking mesothelioma
Mesothelioma markers were universally negative and cytokeratin was focally reactive only in some epithelioid cells. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare tumor in the lung that can mimic other more common pathological entities, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of unusual pulmonary neoplasms with epithelioid or biphasic morphology.
October 7th, 2008. CK5/6 in effusions: no difference between mesothelioma and pulmonary and nonpulmonary adenocarcinoma
Conclusion: CK5/6 reactivity was found in a considerable proportion of metastatic adenocarcinomas of pulmonary and nonpulmonary origin. The high reactivity rate in pulmonary adenocarcinomas disagrees with the results obtained with histologic sections from solid tumor tissue, and CK5/6 seems to be of very limited value as an additional marker in effusion cytology.
October 4th, 2008. Expression of the embryonic lethal abnormal vision-like protein HuR in human mesothelioma
Conclusions: The current results suggested that HuR plays a role in tumor progression in mesothelioma and that COX-2 may be a target of its activity in neoplastic cells. Together, these observations indicate that strategies aiming toward the modulation of HuR may have a potential clinical benefit in mesothelioma.
September 19th, 2008. Comparative immunohistochemistry of L19 and F16 in non-small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma: Two human antibodies investigated in clinical trials in patients with cancer
In our analysis, the anti-tenascin F16 antibody was found to generally exhibit a stronger staining of desmoplastic stroma surrounding tumor. This superior performance was found to be particularly striking in the case of low-grade non-small cell lung cancer.
August 19th, 2008. Primary malignant mesothelioma developed in liver
A local recurrence was noted 15 months after surgery, which was treated by radiofrequency ablation. At 23 months after initial surgery, locally recurrent masses with direct invasion of the diaphragm and a solitary intrahepatic metastasis were noted, which was treated by partial excision of the diaphragm with intraoperative RFA after transarterial chemoembolization.
August 7th, 2008. The serine protease HtrA1 is a novel prognostic factor for human mesothelioma
Conclusion: This is the first study of the relationship between HtrA1 expression and survival of mesothelioma patients. The data obtained strongly indicate the utilization of HtrA1 expression as a prognostic parameter for mesothelioma and suggest this serine protease as a possible molecular target for the treatment of malignant mesotheliomas.
July 16th, 2008. The value of immunohistochemical expression of TTF-1, CK7 and CK20 in the diagnosis of primary and secondary lung carcinomas
Conclusion: Thyroid transcription factor-1 is a sensitive marker for diagnosis of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and differentiation between poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Cytokeratin 20 could be a marker for metastatic tumors from the colon to the lung since it was negative in all primary lung tumors.
July 9th, 2008. Immunohistochemistry of pulmonary and pleural neoplasia
Conclusions: Immunohistochemical stains provide the greatest aid in establishing the site of origin of adenocarcinomas encountered in the lung and in separating epithelioid mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma. Certain subtypes of pulmonary adenocarcinomas may exhibit unusual staining patterns that may be potentially problematic. Immunohistochemistry has a more limited role in separating small cell carcinoma from non–small cell carcinoma, and extreme caution must be used in the situation of crushed biopsy specimens.
July 9th, 2008. Pulmonary sarcomatous tumors
Conclusions: This review discusses specific criteria for the diagnosis of primary lung sarcomas and offers a practical approach to excluding other sarcoma-like lesions involving the lung. The pathologist has an essential role in evaluating these tumors and will often be the first to suggest an unusual, alternative diagnosis, which may have significant implications for patient care, therapy, and prognosis.
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