Archive for the 'Immunohistochemistry or IHC' Category
Often used to diagnose cancer, Immunohistochemistry or IHC is a process by which antibodies are detected in tissue samples by use of a specific antigen or antigens. IHC is also widely used in basic research to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers in different parts of a tissue (also see “Serum Marker/Blood Test“).
November 27th, 2008. Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of overexpression of her-2/neu and p53 oncoproteins in gastric carcinoma using tissue microarray
Conclusion: Although, this study failed to show any prognostic effect of p53 and her-2/neu on survival rates, we may suggest that p53 overexpression may play a role in the pathogenesis of intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma. It could also demonstrate the significantly improved survival rates with adjuvant chemoradiation. Also, TMA is a useful technique for rapid identification of protein expression profiles using minimal samples from archived tissues.
October 22nd, 2008. A case of solid pseudopapillary tumour of the pancreas and malignant mesothelioma
Discussion: An abdominal computerised tomogram revealed pancreatic body mass arising. Pleural fluid cytology and a pleural biopsy failed to demonstrate malignancy. The pancreatic tumour was resected by distal pancreatectomy, segmental colectomy and splenectomy. The tumour was a solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumour (SPT) with a high metastatic potential. The patient deteriorated and a repeat biopsy of the thickened pleura confirmed malignancy which was initially thought to be metastases from the SPT. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed malignant mesothelioma. The patient developed liver metastases and died 2 years from the diagnosis of metastatic disease.
Posted in CT or CAT scan, Case Study, Diagnosis & Differentiation, Full Archive, Immunohistochemistry or IHC, Pleural Effusion, Surgery, Survival, Symptoms & Symptom Management, Treatment, Type of Assessment: | No Comments »
October 16th, 2008. A useful antibody panel for differential diagnosis between peritoneal mesothelioma and ovarian serous carcinoma in Japanese cases
The results identified calretinin and thrombomodulin as positive markers and Ber-EP4, MOC-31, CA19-9, and estrogen receptor as negative markers with relatively high sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of PM and SC. The combination of these positive and negative markers may contribute to accurate diagnosis and adequate therapy for PM and ovarian SC.
October 11th, 2008. Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma mimicking mesothelioma
Mesothelioma markers were universally negative and cytokeratin was focally reactive only in some epithelioid cells. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare tumor in the lung that can mimic other more common pathological entities, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of unusual pulmonary neoplasms with epithelioid or biphasic morphology.
October 7th, 2008. CK5/6 in effusions: no difference between mesothelioma and pulmonary and nonpulmonary adenocarcinoma
Conclusion: CK5/6 reactivity was found in a considerable proportion of metastatic adenocarcinomas of pulmonary and nonpulmonary origin. The high reactivity rate in pulmonary adenocarcinomas disagrees with the results obtained with histologic sections from solid tumor tissue, and CK5/6 seems to be of very limited value as an additional marker in effusion cytology.
October 4th, 2008. Expression of the embryonic lethal abnormal vision-like protein HuR in human mesothelioma
Conclusions: The current results suggested that HuR plays a role in tumor progression in mesothelioma and that COX-2 may be a target of its activity in neoplastic cells. Together, these observations indicate that strategies aiming toward the modulation of HuR may have a potential clinical benefit in mesothelioma.
September 19th, 2008. Comparative immunohistochemistry of L19 and F16 in non-small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma: Two human antibodies investigated in clinical trials in patients with cancer
In our analysis, the anti-tenascin F16 antibody was found to generally exhibit a stronger staining of desmoplastic stroma surrounding tumor. This superior performance was found to be particularly striking in the case of low-grade non-small cell lung cancer.
August 19th, 2008. Primary malignant mesothelioma developed in liver
A local recurrence was noted 15 months after surgery, which was treated by radiofrequency ablation. At 23 months after initial surgery, locally recurrent masses with direct invasion of the diaphragm and a solitary intrahepatic metastasis were noted, which was treated by partial excision of the diaphragm with intraoperative RFA after transarterial chemoembolization.
August 7th, 2008. The serine protease HtrA1 is a novel prognostic factor for human mesothelioma
Conclusion: This is the first study of the relationship between HtrA1 expression and survival of mesothelioma patients. The data obtained strongly indicate the utilization of HtrA1 expression as a prognostic parameter for mesothelioma and suggest this serine protease as a possible molecular target for the treatment of malignant mesotheliomas.
July 16th, 2008. The value of immunohistochemical expression of TTF-1, CK7 and CK20 in the diagnosis of primary and secondary lung carcinomas
Conclusion: Thyroid transcription factor-1 is a sensitive marker for diagnosis of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and differentiation between poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Cytokeratin 20 could be a marker for metastatic tumors from the colon to the lung since it was negative in all primary lung tumors.
July 9th, 2008. Immunohistochemistry of pulmonary and pleural neoplasia
Conclusions: Immunohistochemical stains provide the greatest aid in establishing the site of origin of adenocarcinomas encountered in the lung and in separating epithelioid mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma. Certain subtypes of pulmonary adenocarcinomas may exhibit unusual staining patterns that may be potentially problematic. Immunohistochemistry has a more limited role in separating small cell carcinoma from non–small cell carcinoma, and extreme caution must be used in the situation of crushed biopsy specimens.
July 9th, 2008. Pulmonary sarcomatous tumors
Conclusions: This review discusses specific criteria for the diagnosis of primary lung sarcomas and offers a practical approach to excluding other sarcoma-like lesions involving the lung. The pathologist has an essential role in evaluating these tumors and will often be the first to suggest an unusual, alternative diagnosis, which may have significant implications for patient care, therapy, and prognosis.
July 1st, 2008. Malignant mesothelioma with heterologous elements: clinicopathological correlation of 27 cases and literature review
Immunohistochemical labelling for cytokeratins is helpful in the distinction, but lack of labelling for cytokeratins in a spindle cell/sarcomatoid tumour does not exclude the diagnosis of mesothelioma, irrespective of the presence of heterologous elements. We suggest that if the anatomical distribution conforms to that of mesothelioma, a diagnosis of heterologous mesothelioma should be made in preference to a diagnosis of primary pleural osteosarcoma or chondrosarcoma, regardless of cytokeratin positivity, as for conventional non-heterologous sarcomatoid mesothelioma.
Posted in Biphasic or Mixed, Causation, Diagnosis & Differentiation, Epithelioid, Full Archive, General, Immunohistochemistry or IHC, Peritoneal (Abdominal Mesothelioma), Pleural, Sarcomatoid, Survival, Type of Assessment:, Type of Mesothelioma: | No Comments »
June 26th, 2008. Coalescent pleural malignant mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma of the lung, involving only minor asbestos exposure
The former was positive for adenocarcinoma markers such as CEA, Ber-EP4, PE-10, thyroid transcription factor-1 and Napsin A, and negative for mesothelial markers including calretinin, D2-40, WT-1 and HBME, while the latter was the opposite, resulting in a diagnosis of coalescing malignant mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma. The panel of antibodies used for immunohistochemistry was useful to distinguish the two different components in the one tumor.
June 17th, 2008. Benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma in a cesarean-section scar presenting as a fungating mass
This unusual presentation may point to a traumatic or inflammatory etiology, although seeding of the wound during the previous surgeries is a more likely postulate. A pertinent review of the literature on benign multicystic mesothelioma is also presented.
June 15th, 2008. Prognostic role of osteopontin expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma
0001), and overall survival analysis showed that low osteopontin expression was associated with longer survival; multivariate analysis confirmed the value of osteopontin expression as an independent prognostic factor (P < . 0001).
June 11th, 2008. Pemetrexed plus carboplatin in elderly patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma: combined analysis of two phase II trials
Apart from slightly worse haematological toxicity, there was no significant difference in outcome or toxicity between age groups. The PC regimen is effective and well tolerated in selected elderly patients with MPM.
Posted in Carboplatin, Causation, Chemotherapy, Determining Efficacy, Diagnosis & Differentiation, Epidemiological, Full Archive, Immunohistochemistry or IHC, Occupational Asbestos Exposure, PET Scan, Pemetrexed (Alimta), Pleural, Treatment, Type of Assessment: | No Comments »
June 6th, 2008. Uroplakin is not a Reliable Immunohistochemical Marker for Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura
Conclusions: At an antibody dilution for which positive and negative control tissues stain appropriately, PMM does not stain for URO. At higher antibody concentrations, PMM exhibits nonspecific cytoplasmic staining. We assert that URO is not a useful immunohistochemical marker for the detection of PMM. Further studies addressing whether URO is overexpressed at the mRNA level in PMM are warranted.
June 6th, 2008. Diagnostic usefulness and challenges in the diagnosis of mesothelioma by endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration
Real time endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) combined with FNA has been shown to be a very sensitive technique to obtain samples from different organ sites, including mediastinal lesions. The use of EUS-FNA for the diagnosis of mesothelioma, reinforces the role of a cytopathologist as a cohesive team player along with a radiologist and a clinician during on-site assessment for the proper triage of additional specimens for ancillary studies leading to a better patient management.
June 6th, 2008. Cytomorphologic features of well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma in peritoneal effusion: A case report
The identification of a collagenous ball within these clusters is a useful cytologic finding for the diagnosis of WDPM. WDPM should be suspected when numerous collagenous balls are present by effusion cytology and isolated cells are not.
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